Lesser Celandine

Lesser Celandine
Peter Orchard
Tue, 01/31/2023 - 19:41








* 1 view











Species Photograph
















Introduction



If one is looking for signs of spring then look for the golden yellow flowers of the lesser celandine, Ranunculus ficaria. They will start to flower in sunny spots as soon as the days begin to lengthen early in the new year and gradually increase in numbers until they are in profusion amongst short turf and bare ground almost everywhere. Their flowers are bright rays of sunshine on dreary days in mid winter and a sight to bring joy to the coldest soul. They are one of the plants that flower in shaded areas before the leaves appear on trees and whilst they have access to light.



Description



Lesser celandine is a low-growing, hairless perennial flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae native to Europe and Western Asia. It has fleshy dark green, heart-shaped leaves and distinctive flowers with bright yellow, glossy petals.



Similes



The lesser celandine is a member of the buttercup family and can be mistaken for the buttercup due to its strikingly similar appearance but the eight narrow petals are unique to the lesser celandine. There is a greater celandine which is not a Ranunculus and looks nothing like the lesser! That just goes to show why we use Latin names for precision in identification and not common English country names which can often be very confusing.



Habitat



Lesser celandine can flower in sheltered spots from Christmas onwards but it is April they are at their best and beginning to appear elsewhere in town and countryside. Soon there are carpets of them on banks, in woodlands, along hedgerows, on river sides, in fact all over the place.



Locally



Lesser celandines can be seen almost anywhere in Sidmouth in early spring but they are particularly common and at their best along the River Sid, through the Byes, Margaret’s Meadow and Gilchrist Field.



Significance



This petite flower carries a rich historical significance, with its presence documented in ancient literature and folklore. In Celtic tradition, it symbolises rejuvenation and renewal, believed to possess the power of regeneration. Furthermore, it has been associated with various myths, such as the legend of the nine white flowers placed in shoes to prevent exhaustion during long journeys. For centuries, herbalists have utilised the lesser celandine for its medicinal properties. Its roots were traditionally used to create poultices to alleviate pain, swelling, and even to treat haemorrhoids, it is known as pilewort in some places! While its use in modern herbal medicine is limited due to potentially toxic compounds, the plant still holds interest for its chemical composition and potential pharmaceutical applications.



Benefits



Beyond its cultural relevance, the lesser celandine plays a crucial role in the ecosystem. Its early bloom provides vital nectar for pollinators like bees and butterflies, kickstarting the spring awakening of these essential insects. Furthermore, its ability to carpet forest floors helps prevent soil erosion, maintaining the delicate balance of woodland ecosystems.



Summary



The Lesser Celandine, with its delicate blossoms and deep-rooted heritage, remains a testament to nature's resilience and enduring beauty. Its significance spans centuries, woven into folklore, medicine, and the intricate web of ecological interactions. While facing modern-day challenges, efforts to conserve and appreciate this humble yet majestic plant are crucial in preserving its legacy for generations to come.




 








Species Specific
Ranunculus ficaria









Species Reference
Blamey 118.04










Species Catalogue





* Buttercups - Ranunculaceae














Species Habitat





* Ubiquitous


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